🏡 TDS on Property Purchase under Section 194-IA.Don’t Forget This 1% Rule!

Buying a property is one of the most significant financial decisions in an individual’s life. Whether it’s your dream home or a commercial investment, the transaction involves not just money, but legal and tax compliance as well. One key obligation that buyers often overlook is Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) under Section 194-IA of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

📘 What is Section 194-IA?

Section 194-IA was introduced to curb the circulation of unaccounted money in real estate and bring transparency to high-value property transactions. It mandates that the buyer of any immovable property (other than agricultural land) must deduct TDS at 1% of the sale consideration or stamp duty value, whichever is higher, if the property’s value is ₹50 lakhs or more.

🔑Key Rule: The buyer is responsible for deducting and depositing the TDS—not the seller

✅ When Does Section 194-IA Apply?

Section 194-IA applies when all the following conditions are met:

1. Property Value Exceeds ₹50 Lakhs

If the sale consideration or stamp duty value (whichever is higher) is ₹50,00,000 or more, TDS is to be deducted on the entire amount.

Example: If you buy a flat for ₹60 lakhs, TDS is deducted on ₹60 lakhs (i.e., ₹60,000 at 1%).

2. Type of Property Covered

• Residential properties (flats, bungalows, etc.)
• Commercial buildings
• Land (non-agricultural)

3. Exclusions

TDS under Section 194-IA does not apply to:

• Rural Agricultural Land
• Properties acquired by the government or via compulsory acquisition.

4. Seller Must Be a Resident

If the seller is a Non-Resident Indian (NRI), then Section 195 (not 194-IA) applies.

5. No TAN Required

Buyers do not need to obtain TAN (Tax Deduction Account Number) for this transaction. The deduction is made using the buyer’s PAN.

📢 Important Update (w.e.f. 1st Sept 2019):

The definition of “consideration for immovable property” now includes all incidental charges such as:

• Club membership fees
• Car parking fees
• Maintenance charges
• Electricity/water connection charges
• Advance or society charges

🔍 TDS must be calculated on the total value, including the above charges.

💸 TDS Rate Under Section 194-IA

• Standard Rate: 1% of the sale consideration or stamp duty value (whichever is higher)
• In case PAN not provided by the seller: TDS @ 20% under Section 206AA

📌 Ensure the seller’s PAN is valid and active to avoid 20% deduction and non-credit of TDS.

📆 When to Deduct TDS?

TDS must be deducted at the time of:

• Payment (whether full or installment), or
• Crediting the seller’s account,
  Whichever is earlier.

If the transaction is in instalments, then TDS must be deducted proportionately on each payment.

🧾 Step-by-Step: How to Comply with Section 194-IA

Step 1: Calculate the TDS

• Identify total consideration (including club/parking/etc.)
• Calculate 1% of the higher of sale value or stamp duty value

Step 2: Deduct TDS Before Payment

• Deduct the TDS from the amount payable to the seller

Step 3: Fill and Submit Form 26QB

• Visit https://www.incometax.gov.in/
• Choose “TDS on Sale of Property” and complete Form 26QB
• Fill in:
  • PAN of buyer & seller
  • Property address
  • Amount paid and TDS deducted
  • Date of payment
  • Mode of payment (Net banking or Debit Card)

Step 4: Make the Online Payment

• Pay TDS online through net banking
• Save the Challan Identification Number (CIN) and acknowledgment receipt

Step 5: Issue Form 16B (TDS Certificate) to Seller

• After 7–10 days of filing 26QB, download Form 16B from the portal
• Issue this form to the seller within 15 days from the filing date

👥 What if There Are Multiple Buyers or Sellers?

Common scenario: You’re buying from multiple owners (e.g., a couple).

The Rule: You must file a separate Form 26QB for EACH seller.

Example: Buying a ₹80 Lakh property from a husband and wife (50% share each).

1. Total TDS: 1% of ₹80 Lakhs = ₹80,000.
2. Deduct Proportionately: Deduct ₹40,000 (1% of ₹40L share) from husband’s payment. Deduct ₹40,000 (1% of ₹40L share) from wife’s payment.
3. File Separate Forms: File one Form 26QB for the husband, and another separate Form 26QB for the wife.
4. Issue Separate Certificates: Provide a distinct Form 16B (TDS certificate) to both the husband and the wife.

This ensures each seller gets credit for their share of the deducted tax.

Each buyer needs to file separate Form 26QB for each seller, based on their share in the transaction.

🧮 Example:

• 2 Buyers & 1 Seller = 2 Forms 26QB
• 1 Buyer & 2 Sellers = 2 Forms 26QB
• 2 Buyers & 2 Sellers = 4 Forms 26QB

Don’t Skip This!

Ignoring this can lead to penalties! The Income Tax Department is getting smarter.

How the IT Department Cross-References Data:

The Income Tax Department has advanced data analytics and AI tools to monitor high-value transactions. They primarily rely on:

1. Registrar/Sub-Registrar Data: Property registration offices (where sale deeds are registered) report all property transactions exceeding ₹30 Lakhs (sometimes ₹50 Lakhs, depending on state specifics) to the IT Department via Annual Information Return (AIR) or Statement of Financial Transactions (SFT).
2. Form 26AS & AIS: As a buyer, once you deposit the TDS and file Form 26QB, this transaction reflects in your Form 26AS and Annual Information Statement (AIS). The seller’s Form 26AS and AIS will also show the TDS credit you’ve given them.
3. PAN Linkage: Your PAN, the seller’s PAN, and the property details are all linked. If a property is registered for ₹50 Lakhs or more, but no corresponding TDS (Form 26QB) is filed by the buyer, it immediately raises a flag.

In simple terms: The government knows about your property purchase from the registration office. If they don’t see a corresponding TDS filing from you, expect a notice!

⚠️ Consequences of Non-Compliance

✅ Penalty under 271H can be waived if the buyer pays TDS + interest + late fee within 1 month of due date.

🧾 Example: Real-Life Scenario

Mr. A buys a flat in Pune for ₹52 lakhs, including ₹2 lakhs for club and parking fees.

• TDS to be deducted = ₹52,00,000 × 1% = ₹52,000
• Mr. A pays ₹51,48,000 to the seller and deposits ₹52,000 with the government through Form 26QB.
• He later downloads Form 16B and hands it over to the seller.

Final Word:

Understanding Section 194IA is key to a smooth property purchase. A little awareness saves a lot of hassle and penalties.

Happy Home-Buying!

🤝 Need Help with TDS on Property?

At J B Financial Advisors, we offer end-to-end assistance for:

• Calculating correct TDS
• Filing Form 26QB
• Issuing Form 16B
• Ensuring timely compliance to avoid penalties
• 
  📞 8007224343
  📧 info@jbfinadvisors.com
  🌐www.jbfinadvisors.com